In this paper, exergy analysis of a hybrid electric vehicle thermal management system (TMS) is initially investigated in order to find the areas of inefficiencies and exergy destruction within each system component. In the analysis, advanced exergy modeling is utilized to study both endogenous/exogenous and avoidable/unavoidable exergy destructions for each component of the system and further understand the interactions among the TMS components and determine the underlying reasons behind the exergy destructions. Moreover, this approach is also used to enhance exergoeconomic analyses by calculating the endogenous/exogenous and avoidable/unavoidable portion of the investment and exergy destruction costs (so-called advanced exergoeconomic analysis) in order to improve the cost effectiveness of the system and provide information on how much of the cost can be avoided for each component. Based on the analysis, it is determined that exogenous exergy destruction is small but significant portion of the total exergy destruction in each component (up to 40%, in the chiller and thermal expansion valves) and that large portion of the exergy destruction within the components (up to 70%, in the compressor) could be potentially avoided. Moreover, it is determined that electric battery, compressor, and chiller are dominated by investment cost, whereas the condenser and evaporator are dominated by the cost of exergy destruction in the system.

References

1.
Faiz
,
A.
,
Weaver
,
C. S.
, and
Walsh
,
M. P.
,
1996
,
Air Pollution From Motor Vehicles: Standards and Technologies for Controlling Emissions
,
World Bank Publications
,
Washington, DC
.
2.
Chau
,
K. T.
, and
Wong
,
Y. S.
,
2002
, “
Overview of Power Management in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
,”
Energ. Convers. Manage.
,
43
, pp.
1953
1968
.10.1016/S0196-8904(01)00148-0
3.
Weiller
,
C
.,
2011
, “
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Impacts on Hourly Electricity Demand in the United States
,”
Energy Policy
,
39
, pp.
3766
3778
.10.1016/j.enpol.2011.04.005
4.
Diamond
,
D
.,
2009
, “
The Impact of Government Incentives for Hybrid-Electric Vehicles: Evidence From US states
,”
Energy Policy
,
37
, pp.
972
983
.10.1016/j.enpol.2008.09.094
5.
EPRI
,
2007
,
Environmental Assessment of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Volume 1: Nationwide Greenhouse Gas Emissions
,
Electric Power Research Institute
,
Palo Alto, CA
.
6.
Hamut
,
H. S.
,
Dincer
,
I.
, and
Naterer
,
G. F.
,
2013
, “
Performance Assessment of Thermal Management Systems for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles
,”
Int. J. Energy Res.
,
37
(
1
), pp.
1
12
.10.1002/er.1951
7.
Morosuk
,
T.
, and
Tsatsaronis
,
G.
,
2008
, “
A New Approach to the Exergy Analysis of Absorption Refrigeration Machines
,”
Energy
,
33
, pp.
890
907
.10.1016/j.energy.2007.09.012
8.
Kelly
,
S.
,
Tsatsaronis
,
G.
, and
Morosuk
,
R.
,
2009
, “
Advanced Exergetic Analysis: Approaches for Splitting the Exergy Destruction Into Endogenous and Exogenous Parts
,”
Energy
,
24
, pp.
384
391
.10.1016/j.energy.2008.12.007
9.
Tsatsaronis
,
G.
, and
Park
,
M.
,
2002
, “
On Avoidable and Unavoidable Exergy Destructions and Investment Costs in Thermal Systems
,”
Energy Convers. Manage.
,
43
, pp.
1259
1270
.10.1016/S0196-8904(02)00012-2
10.
Jabardo
,
J. M.
,
Mamani
,
W. G.
, and
Ianekka
,
M. R.
,
2002
.
“Modeling and Experimental Evaluation of an Automotive Air Conditioning System With a Variable Capacity Compressor,”
Int. J. Refrig.
,
25
, pp.
1157
1172
.10.1016/S0140-7007(02)00002-6
11.
Wang
,
S. W.
,
Gu
,
J.
,
Dickson
T.
,
Dexter
T.
, and
McGregor
I.
,
2005
, “
Vapor Quality and Performance of an Automotive Air Conditioning System
,”
Exp. Therm. Fluid. Sci.
,
30
, pp.
59
66
.10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2005.03.019
12.
Behr
GmbH
&
Co.
KG
, “
Technical Press Day
,” http://www.behrgroup.com/Internet/behrcms_eng.nsf, retrieved date October 1,
2012
.
13.
Klein
,
S. A.
, and
Alvarado
,
F. L.
,
1997
, “
EES-Engineering Equation Solver, Version 4.481
,”
F-Chart Software
,
Middleton, WI
.
14.
Hamut
,
H. S.
,
2013
, “
Exergy and Exergoeconomic Analyses and Optimization of Thermal Management Systems in Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles
,” PhD thesis, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Canada.
15.
Bejan
,
A.
,
1997
,
Thermodynamic Optimization of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Processes. Developments in the Design of Thermal Systems
,
Cambridge University
,
Cambridge, UK
.
16.
Tsatsaronus
,
G
.,
2011
, “
Exergoeconomics and Exergoenvironmental Analysis
,”
Thermodynamics and Destruction of Resources
,
B. R.
Bakshi
,
T. G.
Gutowski
, and
D. P.
Sekulic
, eds.,
Cambridge University
,
New York
, pp.
377
401
.
17.
Selbaş
,
R.
,
Kizilkan
,
Ö.
, and
Şencan
,
A.
,
2006
, “
Thermoeconomic Optimization of Subcooled and Superheated Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle
,”
Energy
,
31
, pp.
2108
2128
.10.1016/j.energy.2005.10.015
18.
Bejan
,
A.
,
Tsatsaronis
,
G.
, and
Moran
,
M.
,
1986
,
Thermal Design and Optimization
,
Wiley
,
New York
.
19.
Toronto Hydro, Electricity Rates and Charges
,” www.Torontohydro.com, retrieved on October
2012
.
20.
Sayyaadi
,
H.
, and
Sabzaligol
T.
,
2009
, “
Exergoeconomic Optimization of a 1000MW Light Water Reactor Power Generation System
,”
Int. J. Energy Res.
,
33
, pp.
378
395
.10.1002/er.1481
You do not currently have access to this content.